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Athelstan, his acknowledged illegitimate son, succeeded as king in 924. Henry II, byname Henry of Anjou, Henry Plantagenet, Henry FitzEmpress, or Henry Curtmantle (Short Mantle), (born 1133, Le Mans, Maine now in France—died July 6, 1189, near Tours), duke of Normandy (from 1150), count of Anjou (from 1151), duke of Aquitaine (from 1152), and king of England (from 1154), who greatly expanded his Anglo-French. Henry VIII had two sons that survived infancy, one was illegitimate and the other was legitimate and later succeeded him as king. Henry's illegitimate son by Elizabeth (Bessie) Blout was born in. Richard had the help of Philip II, who was now King of France. Weak, ill and deserted by all except an illegitimate son, Henry died in France in 1189 aged 56.

Hamelin of Anjou, or Hamelin de Warenne as he would become known years later, was the illegitimate son of Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, Touraine, and Maine. His mother seems to have been Adelaide of Angers; he also had two illegitimate half-sisters – Emma and Mary of Anjou. Hamelin himself was born soon after his father’s marriage to Empress Matilda, daughter and heiress of King Henry I of England, the woman whom Geoffrey didn’t quite like perhaps because of their age difference.

Henry Curtmantle (Henry FitzEmpress or Henry Plantagenet) was the eldest son of Geoffrey and Mathilda. After the end of the Anarchy that was a series of bloody civil wars in England and Normandy between 1135 and 1153, Henry finally became King of England in 1154. The Norman and Angevin rulers of England found their greatest support among their relatives, so King Henry II relied upon his half-brother Hamelin, who was loyal to him for the rest of Henry’s life.

The first King of the House of Plantagenet ensured that Hamelin would transform into a rich and well-connected aristocrat. First of all, Hamelin was granted lands in Touraine on the continent, so he was styled Vicomte de Touraine. To cement an alliance with the de Warenne family, Henry selected a suitable bride for Hamelin – young Isabel de Warenne, Countess of Surrey, who was the only daughter and sole heiress of William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey and his wife Adela. By arranging a marriage of his half-brother to one of the wealthiest heiresses in England, Henry succeeded in keeping the de Warenne estates in the hands of his trusted relative. Interestingly, Isabel’s first husband was William of Blois, Count of Boulogne, a younger son of the late King Stephen, whom Henry II and his parents had battled against during the Anarchy.

The wedding of Hamelin of Anjou and Isabel de Warenne was lavishly celebrated in April 1164. Hamelin was now married to a woman descended from both Anglo-Norman nobility and French royalty. Her great grandfather, William de Warenne, the first Earl of Surrey, had been a distant cousin of William the Conqueror, and he received lordships and lands in England for his military services at the Battle of Hastings.

Afterwards, Hamelin took the surname de Warenne and became Earl of Surrey by right of his spouse, although he was often styled Comte de Warenne. The marriage seemed to be a happy one and produced four children. Menggunakan lucky patcher.

The de Warenne lands in England were rich and vast. Conisbrough Castle, located in South Yorkshire, played a special role for the de Warenne family. Hamelin and Isabel liked Yorkshire, and Hamelin had the castle extensively rebuilt between 1180 and 1190, having constructed the stone keep and built new fortifications. King John I visited Conisbrough Castle in 1201. Hamelin appears to have been fond of building and rebuilding fortresses: in the Castle of Mortemer, he erected a cylindrical keep, and he carried out reconstruction works at Château Bellencombre on the banks of the Varenne River in Normandy. Throughout his charters, Hamelin emphasized the high status of his wife and that he was acting on her authority as the hereditary countess.

Sometimes, even illegitimate brothers are more trustworthy and loyal to monarchs than their legitimate siblings. This would later be proved by the frictions between the sons of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. A man of honor, Hamelin always sided with his royal half-brother. Hamelin supported Henry when Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury and former Lord Chancellor, fell from the king’s good graces in 1164. However, after Becket’s downfall, Hamelin believed in his sainthood and assumed that he was cured of blindness thanks to the saint’s powers. Hamelin supported Henry against the revolt of his sons and Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine in 1173.

Hamelin was one of those who escorted the monarch’s youngest daughter, Joanna, to Sicily for her marriage to King William of Sicily. Remarkably, Hamelin was the only illegitimate man with royal blood who was not a son of the king but who was nevertheless elevated to an earldom during the 12th century. King Henry II must have loved Hamelin very much, for Hamelin’s quick ascendancy to power through royal service is truly remarkable. Perhaps Henry and Hamelin shared a close bond since childhood if Hamelin had been raised within the household of one of his royal half-brothers, Mathilda and Geoffrey’s legitimate sons, but this cannot be proved.

Following the death of Henry II, Hamelin de Warenne remained loyal and devoted to the next monarch – King Richard the Lionheart, who was his nephew. During Richard’s absence on the Third Crusade, Hamelin sided not with the nobles supporting Prince John, but with William Longchamp, who had been appointed Lord Chancellor and Chief Justiciar soon after Richard’s accession in 1189. During King Richard’s captivity in Germany after he had been seized on the way back from the Holy Land, Hamelin worked with the king’s mother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, acting as one of the treasurers to raise funds for Richard’s ransom. After the Lionheart’s release and return to England, Hamelin attended the second coronation of his liege lord in 1194.

After his nephew’s untimely passing, Hamelin’s allegiance was transferred to King John I. In spite of his advancing age, Hamelin was present at John’s coronation in 1199. We don’t know a lot about Hamelin’s relationship with King Henry II’s youngest son, save that the man’s loyalty remained unshakable.

Interestingly, one of Hamelin and Isabel’s daughters—either Adela (also known as Ela) or Isabel—became the mistress of her cousin Prince John long before John’s kingship. In 1190 when both Isabel and Hamelin were still alive, this daughter birthed John’s bastard – Richard FitzRoy, Baron of Chilham in Kent. It is difficult to imagine her parents approving of her illicit affair.

Hamelin de Warenne passed away on the 7th of May 1202 at the age of 72. He was interred in Sussex at the Chapter House at Lewes Priory, which would be destroyed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries on the orders of King Henry VIII centuries later. Isabel died in 1203 and was buried next to him.

All images are in the public domain.

Text © 2020 Olivia Longueville

King Henry 2 Of France Illegitimate Son 2017

Henry II of England, also known as Henry II Curtmantle (Le Mans, France, 5 March 1133 – Chinon, France, 6 July 1189) was also Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, Lord of Ireland and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland and western France. He was as much concerned with his empire in France as he was with England.

Henry was the son of Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou and Empress Matilda. He married Eleanor of Aquitaine in 1152 and was crowned king in 1154. His children included the future kings Richard, who would later lead many battles, and John. Although he was King of England, he never learnt the English language because his family had come over from Normandy in 1066. They spoke Norman French. Henry was intelligent and well educated. He spoke Latin fluently, which was the language of educated people in Europe at that time. All documents and laws were written in Latin.

Henry II fought against his brother Geoffrey in Montsoreau in 1152. Henry II's succession to the English throne was agreed in 1153. He finally came to the throne in 1154 upon Stephen I's death. He reduced the power of the barons who had become very powerful in Stephen's reign, and in 1166 introduced trial by jury.

Law and order[change | change source]

Henry had an impact on law and order. Henry was unhappy at the law not being applied the same way across England. His changes helped to develop the common law. Laws would be applied in the same way in all towns and villages, so everyone was treated the same and with fairness. To do this, Henry made a number of changes:

• He created Judges who would travel the country and judge the cases of people accused of breaking the law. This meant that all crimes were judged by the King or his judges, and not by local people who might be biased or influenced.
• Allowed judges to collect the fines from punishments of small crimes, which would be then given to the King.
• Created trial by jury. This meant that a number of local men, usually 12, would judge the case of someone accused of a crime. If they believed he was guilty, he would be punished, and if they believed he was innocent, he would be set free.

Trial by Jury was a safer alternative to trial by ordeal, which could result in injury or death. In 1215, after Pope Innocent III banned priests from overseeing ordeals, jury trials became the most common way of judging criminals.

One of the big events that happened during his rule was the killing of Thomas Becket. Henry and Becket were old friends who found themselves in dispute once Becket became the Archbishop of Canterbury. Their dispute was over the role of the Church in England. Becket was trying to increase the power of church courts that had lost power when Henry had made major changes to the legal system. Four knights killed Becket in Canterbury Cathedral. Legend say that the knights had heard Henry say, 'Who will rid me of this turbulent (rebellious) priest?'

Henry's first son, William, Count of Poitiers, died as a baby. In 1170, Henry and Eleanor's fifteen-year-old son, Henry, was crowned king (another reason for Henry's arguing with Thomas Becket, who did not agree with the Henry being crowned). Young Henry never ruled and is not in the list of the kings and queens of England; he became known as Henry the Young King so he was not confused with his nephew Henry III.

Henry and his wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine, had five sons and three daughters: William, Henry, Richard, Geoffrey, John, Matilda, Eleanor, and Joan. Henry tried to take Eleanor's lands from her (and from their son Richard). This led to conflict between Henry on the one side and his wife and sons on the other.

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Henry also had many children outside of his marriage, including William de Longespee, Earl of Salisbury, whose mother was Ida, Countess of Norfolk; Geoffrey, Archbishop of York, son of a woman named Ykenai; Morgan, Bishop of Durham; and Matilda, Abbess of Barking.

Henry had constant struggles and battles against the French King Louis VII of France, but also many conflicts with his own wife and sons. His legitimate children were, he said, 'the real bastards'.^[1] When they were not fighting each other, they were fighting Henry. First Richard and young Henry fought their father for possession of lands they had been promised. They were defeated, and fined heavily. Later Eleanor and young Henry led a civil war against King Henry (1173/74). This Henry also won, just. Richard finally defeated Henry in a battle for Anjou (1189). Richard had the help of Philip II, who was now King of France.

Weak, ill and deserted by all except an illegitimate son, Henry died in France in 1189 aged 56. Kohl commands roblox. He ruled for 35 years and was succeeded by Richard.

References[change | change source]

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1. ↑Simon Schama's A History of Britain, Episode 3, 'Dynasty'

King Henry 2 Of France Illegitimate Son Pictures